Not…really. It was a different kind of trash, especially cities are a lot cleaner today than they were 200+ years ago. Without sewage systems people tended to empty their night pots out of their windows onto the streets. And carriages were probably relatively comfortable, but horses tend to leave a lot of, let’s say, stuff behind. In Bavaria people had a saying: “Going to Munich”. It meant dying.
A replicator is theoretically possible. You basically turn energy (that you have to take from somewhere, energy can neither be generated nor destroyed) into matter. The other way around (turning matter into energy) was one of humanity’s first inventions, it’s called fire.
There are non-plastic straws, McDonald’s here has them, they’re made out of paper (I use them to drink without taking my mask off). Plastic straws aren’t forbidden (yet, they’re working on that here), most places just don’t sell them anymore.
Why put a tax on plastics? Use a deposit system (20 to 50 cents per plastic bottle, for example) and either the one buying the bottle or somebody who picked it up after the original buyer threw it away will return it to the supermarket, that then can sell the collected plastics off to some recycling plant. Works perfectly fine where I live. Plastic bags are either entirely banned from stores or the buyers have to pay for them, which means most people here have reusable bags or rucksacks. A few years ago some coffee places have started giving out reuseable cups, which the buyer pays for and then gets refilled. The demand for these cups was so high that production couldn’t keep up.
A lot of medieval absolutists kings were actually way worse than the Fink. Sadists who executed their wives when they got bored, perverts, psychopaths, incestuous degenerates… A lot of them were married and had children, to keep the dynasty alive.
Depends whether or not you stepped in it.